The role of the EU in promotion of democratic norms to third countries in the counter-terrorism context

The second chapter provides the baseline for the analysis the EU’s role in promotion of liberal democratic rights to third countries, in the context of counterterrorism and the challenges faced by the EU regarding security and liberty and its reflection on third countries. This chapter will reveal whether those political developments in the EU, relevant to counterterrorism and human rights, have provided a legitimate setting for Turkey to adopt EU norms. It explores four critical time periods, namely the pre-Tampere (1970-1999), the post-Tampere (1999-2004), the post-Madrid/London (2004-2011), and the post-Arab Spring (2011-2020) which mark the beginning of policy development aimed at transforming the counterterrorism policies of third countries.