Synthesis and catalytic applications of heterobimetallic complexes involving bis-N-heterocyclic carbenes

In this ever-evolving world, the continuous advancements in homogeneous catalysis are evident, particularly in the improvement of metal-based catalysts. A notable outcome of these advances is the emergence of bimetallic catalysis, which is discussed in detail here. Accordingly, various synthetic approaches to access N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based bimetallic complexes along with their applications in tandem catalysis are covered. In particular, an overview of the evolution of different types of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand systems that are utilised, as well as the challenges associated with the synthesis of heterobimetallic complexes is provided. Furthermore, the advantages offered by these complexes over their monometallic counterparts in catalytic conversions are also highlighted.