Abstract
The electric motors and its control technology are key components of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Control of the electric motor is a fundamental issue for traction application in electric vehicles and HEVs. This paper presents the design, development and implementation of a hybrid vehicle using both an electric motor and petrol engine to increase efficiency and decrease carbon footprint. Initially, a prototype of a HEV is designed and the performance values are calculated, before a control system is developed and implemented to control the DC motor speed using a microcontroller as the vehicle’s electronic control unit along with simple proportional integral derivative (PID) control using speed as a feedback mechanism. The prototype made incorporated voltage, current, speed and torque sensors for feedback resulting in a closed loop control system which successfully matched the speed input of a user-controlled pedal sensor. A user interface was developed to show the driver of the vehicle key variables such as the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the motor, the speed of the vehicle along with the current being drawn, and the voltage applied to the motor with overall power. To output a variable voltage from the Arduino, a digital output was used with pulse width modulation (PWM) capabilities in order to provide a variable DC voltage to the speed controller.
Original language | English |
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Publication status | Published - 6 Sept 2019 |
Event | UPEC 2019 – 54th International Universities Power Engineering - Bucharest, Romania Duration: 3 Sept 2019 → 6 Sept 2019 http://upec2019.com/ |
Conference
Conference | UPEC 2019 – 54th International Universities Power Engineering |
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Country/Territory | Romania |
City | Bucharest |
Period | 3/09/19 → 6/09/19 |
Internet address |
Keywords
- DC motor
- hybrid electrical vehicles
- PID controller
- speed control
- user interface