TY - JOUR
T1 - A Survey on the Role of Complex Networks in IoT and Brain Communication
AU - Thayananthan, Vijey
AU - Albeshri, Aiiad
AU - Alamri, Hassan A.
AU - Qureshi, Muhammad Bilal
AU - Qureshi, Muhammad Shuaib
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgement: We would like to thank Prof. Santo Fortunato and all members involved in the collaborative project for their valuable advice and continuous support. We would also like to acknowledge the advice and support from the USA-based research group (Computing and Engineering, Indiana University) and the KSA-based research group (Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University).
Funding Information:
Funding Statement: This paper was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, under Grant No. RG-1439-311-10. The authors, therefore, acknowledge with thanks DSR’s technical and financial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/10/8
Y1 - 2023/10/8
N2 - Complex networks on the Internet of Things (IoT) and brain communication are the main focus of this paper. The benefits of complex networks may be applicable in the future research directions of 6G, photonic, IoT, brain, etc., communication technologies. Heavy data traffic, huge capacity, minimal level of dynamic latency, etc. are some of the future requirements in 5G+ and 6G communication systems. In emerging communication, technologies such as 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor communication and complex networks play an important role in improving future requirements of IoT and brain communication. In this paper, the state of the complex system considered as a complex network (the connection between the brain cells, neurons, etc.) needs measurement for analyzing the functions of the neurons during brain communication. Here, we measure the state of the complex system through observability. Using 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor nodes, finding observability influenced by the concept of contraction provides the stability of neurons. When IoT or any sensors fail to measure the state of the connectivity in the 5G+ or 6G communication due to external noise and attacks, some information about the sensor nodes during the communication will be lost. Similarly, neurons considered sing the complex networks concept neuron sensors in the brain lose communication and connections. Therefore, affected sensor nodes in a contraction are equivalent to compensate for maintaining stability conditions. In this compensation, loss of observability depends on the contraction size which is a key factor for employing a complex network. To analyze the observability recovery, we can use a contraction detection algorithm with complex network properties. Our survey paper shows that contraction size will allow us to improve the performance of brain communication, stability of neurons, etc., through the clustering coefficient considered in the contraction detection algorithm. In addition, we discuss the scalability of IoT communication using 5G+/6G-based photonic technology.
AB - Complex networks on the Internet of Things (IoT) and brain communication are the main focus of this paper. The benefits of complex networks may be applicable in the future research directions of 6G, photonic, IoT, brain, etc., communication technologies. Heavy data traffic, huge capacity, minimal level of dynamic latency, etc. are some of the future requirements in 5G+ and 6G communication systems. In emerging communication, technologies such as 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor communication and complex networks play an important role in improving future requirements of IoT and brain communication. In this paper, the state of the complex system considered as a complex network (the connection between the brain cells, neurons, etc.) needs measurement for analyzing the functions of the neurons during brain communication. Here, we measure the state of the complex system through observability. Using 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor nodes, finding observability influenced by the concept of contraction provides the stability of neurons. When IoT or any sensors fail to measure the state of the connectivity in the 5G+ or 6G communication due to external noise and attacks, some information about the sensor nodes during the communication will be lost. Similarly, neurons considered sing the complex networks concept neuron sensors in the brain lose communication and connections. Therefore, affected sensor nodes in a contraction are equivalent to compensate for maintaining stability conditions. In this compensation, loss of observability depends on the contraction size which is a key factor for employing a complex network. To analyze the observability recovery, we can use a contraction detection algorithm with complex network properties. Our survey paper shows that contraction size will allow us to improve the performance of brain communication, stability of neurons, etc., through the clustering coefficient considered in the contraction detection algorithm. In addition, we discuss the scalability of IoT communication using 5G+/6G-based photonic technology.
KW - Complex networks
KW - emerging communication
KW - IoT based on 6G systems
KW - neuroscience
KW - photonic technology
U2 - 10.32604/cmc.2023.040184
DO - 10.32604/cmc.2023.040184
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85174512571
SN - 1546-2218
VL - 76
SP - 2573
EP - 2595
JO - Computers, Materials and Continua
JF - Computers, Materials and Continua
IS - 3
M1 - 54358
ER -